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Materials Composite are new materials formed by optimizing and combining different properties of material components using advanced material preparation techniques. ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ??????:
(i) ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ? ????? ? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ????;
(ii) ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????? ? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ?? interfaces clear ??? ?? ???? ????? ??????.
(iii) ?? ????? ??????? ???? ? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???;
(iv) ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????.
???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???????: ????? ? ??? ?????. ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ? ?????????? ???. ??? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ? ??? ?? ?? ???? ???????. ???????? ???? ???????? ???? fiber ????? fiber ????? fiber boron, aramid fiber, fiber silicon carbide, asbestos fiber, whiskers ? metals ???.
?. ?????????
???? ????? ?? ????? ???. ??? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ???. Materials composite are divided into metal to metal composite materials, non-metal to metal composite materials, and non-metal to non-metal composite materials according to their composition. ?? ???? ????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ??:
???? 9312;???????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????. ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ??? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ? ??? ?? ??.
???? 9313;???????? ????????? ???????. ?? ???????? ??? ? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ???. ??????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ? ??? ???. ???? ???? ??? ??? ? ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ? ????? ??? ????. ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???: ??????? ???? ? ??????? ???.
????? 9314;???????? ????? ????? ????. ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ? ??? ?? ??.
????? 9315;???????? ????? Hybrid. ????? ??? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ???. ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ????. ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????/??? ???? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???.
???????? ????? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????: ???????? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ????? ????.
???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?????????????? ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? fabrics, whiskers, sheets, and particles? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ?? ????? (resins), ???? ??????? ????? ???? ? ????? ???? ???????. ???????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ? ????????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ?????. ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ???.
???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????. ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??ergistic ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???. ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????. ???? ????? conductivity, superconductivity, semiconductor, magnetism, piezoelectricity, damping, absorption, transmission, friction, shielding, flame retardation, heat resistance, sound absorption, insulation etc. ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????. ?? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????. Material composite functional are mostly composed of functional bodies, reinforcing bodies and matrices. ??? ???? ???????? ?? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???. ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????. ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ????. ???????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???.
???? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???: ??????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????.
???????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ? ????????? ???? ?????? (???????) ????? ???????. ?? ???? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ?????? ? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ???.
???????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????????? ?? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ? ??????. ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???? (??????) ? ???????? ?????????????? ?? ???? ????. ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????.
??????
????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????:
??? 9312;????? ?????. ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ? ???????? ???????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ? ??? ?? ?? ?????
?? 9313???? ?????. ?? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???. ????????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ????????????????? ????????? ??????? ???????
?? ????????? ???????? textile ? ????? ????????. ???? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ? ??? ?? ?? ??????? ???.
?????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ? ??? ??????????? ???????? X ?? ????? ? ????????? ???? ????? ????????? ????????? ????? ? ???????? orthopedic ??????? ????. ???????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????????? ? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????. ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????.
?. ???????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????
?? ?????? ????? ?????/?????????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????????. ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ????????????? ? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????/????????? ???? ????.
??????? α - ZrP ?? ?????? ???? ???? ? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??-ZrP ???? ????. α - ZrP ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? - ????????? ???????? OH ?? ????? ??????? ???? ? ???? ?? ??????????? ????? ???? ??????? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ???. ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ? ??????? ??
??????? ????? ??????? ?????? (DMA-CMS) ?? ??????? ?? ?????????????????? (DMA) ? p-?????????????? (CMS) ???? ???????. α - ZrP ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ? ??? ?? DMA- CMS ???? ????? ?????? ????????? (ZrP. DMA. CMS) ????? ???? ???????. ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?? PS ???? ??? ??? ?? ??????????????? ??????? ?????????/?????? ?????? ? ???????????? ?? ????? ???.
????? XRD ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? DMA-CMS ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ??? ???????? α - ZrP ??? ?? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ???. ??? ?? ????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? 0.8 nm ?? 4.0 nm ?????? ?????? ? ??? ???????? ??? ???. ???? ??????????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ZrP DMA-CMS fosfat (ZrP DMA-CMS) ????? ???? ???????? ? PS ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? 4.0 nm ?? 4.3 nm ?? ?????? ?? ZrP DMA-CMS? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????.
????? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? elastic? ????? ????? ?????? ? ???? ??/???????? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ?? ? ????? ?? ????? ? ???? ? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????. ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? elastic? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ? ???? ???????????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ? ????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???. ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????? ZrP DMA-CMS ?? ??? ??? ? ??? ?? PS ????.
